Cuidados de enfermería sobre acceso venoso periférico

Desde el momento de la internación de un paciente pediátrico y hasta el momento del alta médica, el personal de enfermería está encargado de brindar cuidados y satisfacer la necesidad del dicho paciente. Una de esas necesidades que debe brindar es la integridad cutánea. El acceso venoso periférico es un procedimiento invasivo consistente en la colocación de un catéter en una vena periférica para realizar tratamientos intravenosos de corta duración, administración de medicamentos o sustancias con fines diagnóstico. Al momento de la colocación de estas vías, el personal de enfermería requiere un amplio conocimiento del procedimiento, del equipo necesario y de las técnicas de asepsia en el cuidado, así mismo no debe olvidar la parte anímica del paciente. Pero los cuidados de enfermería al paciente con una vía periférica no solo se limitan a la propia acción de colocar el catéter o seleccionar la vía, sino también es importante dar continuidad a los mismos durante el tiempo que permanezca colocado el catéter, de manera que por medio de la valoración, registro, cambio de apósito, cambio de catéter y limpieza, se brinde seguridad, comodidad y se puedan detectar precozmente posibles complicaciones. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo general determinar cuál es el conocimiento y cuidados de enfermería sobre acceso venoso periférico, en el servicio de internación III, del Hospital Dr. Humberto Notti, Mendoza, octubre 2013.Fil: Corso, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..Fil: Flores, Fernando. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería.

The importance of being CAFs (in cancer resistance to targeted therapies)

In the last two decades, clinical oncology has been revolutionized by the advent of targeted drugs. However, the efficacy of these therapies is significantly limited by primary and acquired resistance, that relies not only on cell-autonomous mechanisms but also on tumor microenvironment cues. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are extremely plastic cells of the tumor microenvironment. They not only produce extracellular matrix components that build up the structure of tumor stroma, but they also release growth factors, chemokines, exosomes, and metabolites that affect all tumor properties, including response to drug treatment. The contribution of CAFs to tumor progression has been deeply investigated and reviewed in several works. However, their role in resistance to anticancer therapies, and in particular to molecular therapies, has been largely overlooked. This review specifically dissects the role of CAFs in driving resistance to targeted therapies and discusses novel CAF targeted therapeutic strategies to improve patient survival

Towards automated visualisation of scientic literature

Nowadays, an exponential growth in biological data has been recorded, including both structured and unstructured data. One of the main computational and scientific challenges in the modern age is to extract useful information from unstructured textual corpora to effectively support the decision making process. Since the emergence of topic modelling, new and interesting approaches to compactly represent the content of a document collection have been proposed. However, the effective exploitation of the proposed strategies requires a lot of expertise. This paper presents a new scalable and exploratory data visualisation engine, named ACE-HEALTH (AutomatiC Exploration of textual collections for HEALTH-care), whose target is to easily analyse medical document collections through the Latent Dirichlet Allocation. To streamline the analytics process and enhance the effectiveness of data and knowledge exploration, a variety of data visualisation techniques have been integrated in the engine to provide navigable informative dashboards without requiring any a-priori knowledge on the analytics techniques. Preliminary results obtained on a real PubMed collection show the effectiveness of ACE-HEALTH in correctly capturing the high-level overview of textual medical collections through innovative visualisation techniques

The Economic Burden of Multiple Myeloma. Definition of a Model for Forecasting Patients’ Costs

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate healthcare costs in a single-centre population of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), in an attempt to develop a model for forecasting costs. Methods: A cohort of 387 MM patients, diagnosed at Policlinico San Matteo (Pavia, Italy), between 2002 and 2014, was analysed grouping patients into those eligible (n=223) or not eligible (n=164) for transplantation. After descriptive statistics, the benchmark model - Ordinary Least Squares - and different variations of the Generalized Linear Model were adopted. Results: The average total cost per patient was around €28,500 for patients not eligible for transplantation and around €87,000 for the eligible ones. The difference in marginal costs for transplant-eligible patients was probably due to higher costs for hospitalisation and the costs of the transplant procedure itself. The analysis highlighted four determinants useful for building a model to forecast expenditure: age, bortezomib use, lenalidomide use, and number of lines of therapies. The two most important determinants of expenditure were use of the novel agents and the total number of lines of therapy, which reflects a higher number of doses and a greater need for accesses to hospital. Conclusion: In conclusion, using a Generalized Linear Model, we identified four determinants in our cohort which were useful for building a model to predict expenditure for MM patients. Although the analysis was performed in a particular setting in a single hospital, the model could be applied to any scenario of patients

A 5-Month-Old Infant with Diffuse Cyanosis and No Other Symptoms

A 5-Month-Old Infant With Diffuse Cyanosis and No Other Symptom